本文提供的内容是托福tpo雷哥托福整理的TPO54托福阅读passage1 The Commercialization of Lumber 真题答案，想要获得完整版TPO51的真题答案解析，添加小助手微信：lgtoefl666 获取，或者同学们可以来雷哥托福官网在线模考练习。

获取原文文本请点击：TPO54托福阅读passage1 The Commercialization of Lumber 真题原文文本

题目：

1. The word "durable" in the passage is closest in meaning to

O readily available

O long lasting

O dense

O flexible

2. According to paragraph 1，all of the following characteristics of pine made it a desirable material for building in nineteenth-century America EXCEPT:

O It was long lasting.

O It was relatively easy to transport.

O Its softness made it easy to work with.

O It produced buildings that were especially attractive.

3. The word "commodity" in the passage is closest in meaning to

O product

O problem

O opportunity

O advantage

4. What can be inferred from paragraph 2 about timber in America before the year 1860?

O Farmers of the American West earned most of their income by selling timber to newly arrived settlers.

O Timber came primarily from farmers who wished to supplement their income.

O Timber was much more expensive before the year 1860 because it was less readily available.

O Timber came primarily from large manufacturing companies in the East. 

5. Why does the author discuss the "British-invented band saw"?

O To give an example of how steam power led to technological advancements

O To help explain how the thickness of a saw blade determines how much wood is wasted

O To explain how competition with other countries benefited the American lumber industry

O To illustrate the impact of new technology on the lumber industry 

6. The phrase "allowing for" in the passage is closest in meaning to

O encouraging

O introducing

O making possible

O emphasizing

7. All of the following are mentioned in paragraph 3 as resulting from the use of steam in the lumber industry EXCEPT:

O Work became centralized, and many tasks were automated.

O  Lumber  could be  produced more efficiently and on a larger  scale.   O Waste materials could be re-used as fuel to power the lumber mills.

O Lumber production could continue throughout the cold winter months.

8. The word "facilitate" in the passage is closest in meaning to

O expand

O ease

O transform

O permit

9. According to paragraph 4, how could a warm, dry winter interfere with lumber production?

O Certain trees would become dry and yield low-quality lumber.

O There would not be enough water in streams and lakes to raft the logs to mills.   

O It would be more difficult to transport logs to streams and lakes.

O Rivers would not be full enough in the spring to power mills.

10. The word "remoteness" in the passage is closest in meaning to

O decline 

O density 

O size

O isolation

11. In paragraph 5, why does the author include the information that 89

logging railroads crisscrossed Michigan by 1887?

O To argue that Michigan had replaced other Great Lakes states as the center of the lumbering industry

O To provide evidence of the growing importance of logging railroads to the lumbering industry

O To support the claim that Michigan winters had become more severe in the late 1800s than they had been earlier

O To challenge the idea that climate discouraged the laying of track 

12. According to paragraph 6, the construction of booms benefited the logging industry by

O reducing the pressures placed on the northern  Midwest  pinelands  in the 1860s

 O reducing the length of the downstream trip to a mill by as much as 10 miles

O increasing the number  of  logs that could be floated down a river at a single  time 

O allowing logs to move downstream more quickly and easily

13. Look at the four squares [ ■ ]that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.

Some sleighs were capable of carrying over 100 tons worth of timber.

where would the sentence best fit?

Click on a square [ ■ ] to insert the sentence in the passage.

14. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage isprovided below. Complete the summary by selecting THREE answer choices thatexpress the most important ideas in the passage. Some answer choices do not belong in summary because the express ideas that are not presented  in  the  passage or are minor ideas in the passage. The Question is  worth  2  points Increasing demands for timber in nineteenth-century America transformed lumbering in the Great Lakes regionAnswers Choices

O During the nineteenth century, lumbering became a large-scale industry controlled by manufacturing companies rather than a local enterprise controlled by farmers.

O Technological advances, including the use of steam power, led to increased productivity, efficiency, and commercialization of the lumbering industry.

O Seasonal changes and severe winters made the development and laying of track for logging railroads slow and difficult.

O After 1860 farmers continued to be the main suppliers of new timber, but lumbering companies took over its transport and manufacture into wood products. O The invention of new technology, such as band saws,  allowed  American lumbering companies to make a profit by exporting surplus lumber to Britain and other countries.

O New methods for transporting logs to mills helped transform lumbering from a seasonal activity to a year-round activity.

获取原文文本请点击：TPO51托福阅读passage1 The Commercialization of Lumber 真题原文文本