Pollution Peaks When Temperatures Top Out-雷哥托福-精听练习

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1

This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.

这是科学美国人60秒科学。我是Christopher Intagliata。
2

You may have noticed your summertime electricity bills, when you're cranking the A¨CC, are more pricey than your wintertime payments.

您可能已经注意到，当您驾驶A¨CC时，您的夏季电费比您的冬季付款更贵。
3

That's because air-conditioning is an electricity hog.

那是因为空调是一种电力消耗。
4

And when a whole city or region turns down the thermostat, utilities have to meet that increased demand somehow.

当整个城市或地区关闭恒温器时，公用事业必须以某种方式满足增加的需求。
5

"This is often when we turn on the oldest plants or the dirtier power plants."

“这通常是我们打开最古老的植物或更脏的发电厂。”
6

Tracey Holloway, an atmospheric scientist at the University of Wisconsin in Madison.

Tracey Holloway，威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校的大气科学家。
7

"Some of these older plants that only run on fuel oil or run on coal only run on the hottest days."

“这些只使用燃油或以煤炭运行的老式工厂中的一些仅在最热的日子里运行。”
8

Using data from the EPA, Holloway and her team studied how air pollutants respond when the temperature goes up.

Holloway和她的团队利用EPA的数据研究了空气污染物在温度升高时的反应。
9

They found that across the eastern U.S., for every degree Celsius temperature rise, power plants belched out 140,000 metric tons of additional carbon dioxide.

他们发现，在美国东部，每摄氏度的温度升高，发电厂就会产生140,000公吨的额外二氧化碳。
10

And emissions of the pollutants sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides rose three and a half percent per extra degree of heat, averaged across the region.

二氧化硫和氮氧化物污染物的排放量在该地区平均每增加一度的热量上升了3.5％。
11

That's especially bad, because hot summer days are the worst days to pump out more pollution.

这尤其糟糕，因为炎热的夏日是抽出更多污染的最糟糕日子。
12

"These hot days, when we turn on the air conditioning across the U.S.or the state also happen to be the most chemically reactive days.

“这些炎热的日子，当我们打开美国各地的空调时，国家也恰好是最具化学反应性的日子。
13

So every unit of air pollution going into the air is that much more likely to form ozone."

因此，空气中的每一个空气污染单元都更容易形成臭氧。“
14

And ozone itself is a potent air pollutant.

臭氧本身就是一种强效的空气污染物。
15

The study is in the journal Environmental Science and Technology.

该研究发表在“环境科学与技术”杂志上。
16

Holloway says the answer to this summertime pollution peak may be an energy source that thrives on hot, sunny days.

霍洛威说，这个夏季污染高峰的答案可能是一个在炎热，阳光充足的日子里茁壮成长的能源。
17

"If we could be getting solar electricity during this peak time it may offset this hot weather midday peak and be a great solution for avoiding having to turn on those peaking power plants."

“如果我们能够在这个高峰期间获得太阳能电力，它可以抵消这个炎热的天气中午高峰，并且是一个很好的解决方案，可以避免必须打开这些高峰电厂。”
18

In other words: why not use the sun, to keep cool.

换句话说：为什么不使用太阳，保持凉爽。
19

Thanks for listening, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.

感谢您对科学美国人60秒科学的倾听。我是Christopher Intagliata.

1/19

This is Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.

点击显示英文

这是科学美国人60秒科学。我是Christopher Intagliata。

点击显示中文
2/19

You may have noticed your summertime electricity bills, when you're cranking the A¨CC, are more pricey than your wintertime payments.

点击显示英文

您可能已经注意到，当您驾驶A¨CC时，您的夏季电费比您的冬季付款更贵。

点击显示中文
3/19

That's because air-conditioning is an electricity hog.

点击显示英文

那是因为空调是一种电力消耗。

点击显示中文
4/19

And when a whole city or region turns down the thermostat, utilities have to meet that increased demand somehow.

点击显示英文

当整个城市或地区关闭恒温器时，公用事业必须以某种方式满足增加的需求。

点击显示中文
5/19

"This is often when we turn on the oldest plants or the dirtier power plants."

点击显示英文

“这通常是我们打开最古老的植物或更脏的发电厂。”

点击显示中文
6/19

Tracey Holloway, an atmospheric scientist at the University of Wisconsin in Madison.

点击显示英文

Tracey Holloway，威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校的大气科学家。

点击显示中文
7/19

"Some of these older plants that only run on fuel oil or run on coal only run on the hottest days."

点击显示英文

“这些只使用燃油或以煤炭运行的老式工厂中的一些仅在最热的日子里运行。”

点击显示中文
8/19

Using data from the EPA, Holloway and her team studied how air pollutants respond when the temperature goes up.

点击显示英文

Holloway和她的团队利用EPA的数据研究了空气污染物在温度升高时的反应。

点击显示中文
9/19

They found that across the eastern U.S., for every degree Celsius temperature rise, power plants belched out 140,000 metric tons of additional carbon dioxide.

点击显示英文

他们发现，在美国东部，每摄氏度的温度升高，发电厂就会产生140,000公吨的额外二氧化碳。

点击显示中文
10/19

And emissions of the pollutants sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides rose three and a half percent per extra degree of heat, averaged across the region.

点击显示英文

二氧化硫和氮氧化物污染物的排放量在该地区平均每增加一度的热量上升了3.5％。

点击显示中文
11/19

That's especially bad, because hot summer days are the worst days to pump out more pollution.

点击显示英文

这尤其糟糕，因为炎热的夏日是抽出更多污染的最糟糕日子。

点击显示中文
12/19

"These hot days, when we turn on the air conditioning across the U.S.or the state also happen to be the most chemically reactive days.

点击显示英文

“这些炎热的日子，当我们打开美国各地的空调时，国家也恰好是最具化学反应性的日子。

点击显示中文
13/19

So every unit of air pollution going into the air is that much more likely to form ozone."

点击显示英文

因此，空气中的每一个空气污染单元都更容易形成臭氧。“

点击显示中文
14/19

And ozone itself is a potent air pollutant.

点击显示英文

臭氧本身就是一种强效的空气污染物。

点击显示中文
15/19

The study is in the journal Environmental Science and Technology.

点击显示英文

该研究发表在“环境科学与技术”杂志上。

点击显示中文
16/19

Holloway says the answer to this summertime pollution peak may be an energy source that thrives on hot, sunny days.

点击显示英文

霍洛威说，这个夏季污染高峰的答案可能是一个在炎热，阳光充足的日子里茁壮成长的能源。

点击显示中文
17/19

"If we could be getting solar electricity during this peak time it may offset this hot weather midday peak and be a great solution for avoiding having to turn on those peaking power plants."

点击显示英文

“如果我们能够在这个高峰期间获得太阳能电力，它可以抵消这个炎热的天气中午高峰，并且是一个很好的解决方案，可以避免必须打开这些高峰电厂。”

点击显示中文
18/19

In other words: why not use the sun, to keep cool.

点击显示英文

换句话说：为什么不使用太阳，保持凉爽。

点击显示中文
19/19

Thanks for listening, for Scientific American 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.

点击显示英文

感谢您对科学美国人60秒科学的倾听。我是Christopher Intagliata.

点击显示中文

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